What an empty workshop seems to show
1At noon, Jun looks through the window of a workshop. The tables are clear, and several finished signs stand near the door. He says, "The team seems to have finished the signs." His statement is a present judgement about an earlier action. He has not spoken to the team, so he is reporting how the situation appears rather than claiming direct confirmation of every task.
2Later, Mina explains that the signs by the door are samples from a previous project. The current team is still working in another room. Jun accepts the correction. His earlier statement described an impression, but that impression was based on incomplete information. In his diary that evening, he writes that at noon the team seemed to have finished. He keeps have after to, even though seemed places the judgement in the past.
3Jun then checks a separate delivery record. Several boxes are no longer in the position shown in an earlier photograph. He writes, "The boxes seem to have been moved already." In this sentence the boxes receive the action; they do not move other objects. The record does not yet identify who moved them. Jun plans to ask the caretaker before replacing his tentative statement with a confirmed account. He has learned to make three checks: when the judgement is made, whether the action is earlier, and whether the subject performs or receives it. He also keeps the strength of his claim within the evidence available at that moment.